Stages and symptoms of hypothermia
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Understanding Hypothermia: Stages and Symptoms
As a person's core temperature drops below 35 degrees Celsius, they begin to feel cold and may complain about it. Shivering is a common response as the body tries to generate heat. Hypothermia can be classified into three stages: mild, moderate, and severe, each with distinct symptoms.
Mild Hypothermia
Mild hypothermia occurs when the body temperature is between 32 and 35 degrees Celsius. Symptoms at this stage can be subtle and may include:
- Constant shivering
- Tiredness
- Slower responses
- Low energy
- Cold or pale skin
- Rapid breathing (hyperventilation)
- Mild confusion and poor judgment
Moderate Hypothermia
Moderate hypothermia is characterised by a body temperature between 28 and 32 degrees Celsius. Symptoms become more pronounced and may include:
- Inability to think clearly or concentrate
- Increased confusion and poor judgment
- Paradoxical undressing (an irrational urge to remove clothing despite being very cold)
- Difficulty moving, clumsiness, and lack of coordination
- Drowsiness
- Slurred speech
- Slow, shallow breathing
- Shivering usually stops, indicating a serious decline in the body’s ability to generate heat
At this stage, emergency medical help is required.
Severe Hypothermia
Severe hypothermia is identified when the body temperature falls below 28 degrees Celsius. Symptoms are life-threatening and may include:
- Unconsciousness
- Shallow or no breathing
- Weak, irregular pulse or no pulse
- Dilated pupils
- Pale or blue skin that is cold to the touch
In extreme cases, the individual may appear dead. It is crucial to transport them to a hospital to determine if they are in a state of severe hypothermia or have succumbed to the condition. Medical intervention can sometimes resuscitate individuals with severe hypothermia, though success is not guaranteed.
Conclusion
Understanding the stages and symptoms of hypothermia is vital for timely intervention and treatment. Recognising the signs early can significantly improve recovery chances and prevent the condition from progressing to a more severe stage.